The cowboy played an important role during the era of U. Though they originated in Mexico, American cowboys created a style and reputation all their own. Throughout history, their iconic lifestyle has been glamorized in countless books, movies and Live TV.
This Day In History. History Vault. The Monroe Doctrine in Practice: U. Foreign Policy At the time Monroe delivered his message to Congress, the United States was still a young, relatively minor player on the world stage.
Recommended for you. James Monroe. The Eisenhower Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine. Marilyn Monroe on Fame. James Monroe James Monroe , the fifth U. Eisenhower Doctrine On January 5, , in response to the increasingly tense situation in the Middle East, President Dwight Eisenhower delivered a proposal to a joint session of the U. Manifest Destiny Manifest Destiny, a phrase coined in , is the idea that the United States is destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent.
Louisiana Purchase The Louisiana Purchase of brought into the United States about , square miles of territory from France, thereby doubling the size of the young republic. Cowboys The cowboy played an important role during the era of U. See More. I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.
It is necessary only to glance at a map to realize that the survival and integrity of the Greek nation are of grave importance in a much wider situation. If Greece should fall under the control of an armed minority, the effect upon its neighbor, Turkey, would be immediate and serious. Confusion and disorder might well spread throughout the entire Middle East. In addition to funds, I ask the Congress to authorize the detail of American civilian and military personnel to Greece and Turkey, at the request of those countries, to assist in the tasks of reconstruction, and for the purpose of supervising the use of such financial and material assistance….
If further funds, or further authority, should be needed …I shall not hesitate to bring the situation before the Congress. On this subject the Executive and Legislative branches of the Government must work together. I would not recommend it except that the alternative is much more serious. Background: Eisenhower Doctrine, Jan. Eisenhower promising military or economic aid to any Middle Eastern country needing help in resisting communist aggression.
The doctrine was intended to check increased Soviet influence in the Middle East , which had resulted from the supply of arms to Egypt by communist countries as well as from strong communist support of Arab states against an Israeli, French, and British attack on Egypt in October Eisenhower proclaimed, with the approval of Congress, that he would use the armed forces to protect the independence of any Middle Eastern country seeking American help.
The Eisenhower Doctrine represented no radical change in U. It was a continuation of the U. The Middle East has abruptly reached a new and critical stage in its long and important history. Also the relatively large attack by Israel in October has intensified the basic differences between Israel and its Arab neighbors. All this instability has been heightened and, at times, manipulated by International Communism. That was true of the Czars and it is true of the Bolsheviks. The Soviet Union has nothing whatsoever to fear from the United States in the Middle East, or anywhere else in the world, so long as its rulers do not themselves first resort to aggression.
Considering her announced purpose of Communizing the world, it is easy to understand her hope of dominating the Middle East. Under all the circumstances I have laid before you, a greater responsibility now devolves upon the United States. We have shown, …our dedication to the principle that force shall not be used internationally for any aggressive purpose and that the integrity and independence of the nations of the Middle East should be inviolate.
There is general recognition in the Middle East, as elsewhere, that the United States does not seek either political or economic domination over any other people. Our desire is a world environment of freedom, not servitude. It would, first of all, authorize the United States to cooperate with and assist any nation or group of nations in the general area of the Middle East in the development of economic strength dedicated to the maintenance of national independence.
It would, in the second place, authorize the Executive to undertake … programs of military assistance and cooperation with any nation or group of nations which desires such aid. It would, in the third place, authorize such assistance and cooperation to include the employment of the armed forces of the United States to secure and protect the territorial integrity and political independence of such nations, requesting such aid, against overt armed aggression from any nation controlled by International Communism.
These measures would have to be consonant with the treaty obligations of the United States, including the Charter of the United Nations and with any action or recommendations of the United Nations. The present proposal would, in the fourth place, authorize the President to employ, for economic and defensive military purposes, sums money available …. The proposed legislation is primarily designed to deal with the possibility of Communist aggression, direct and indirect.
Experience shows that indirect aggression rarely if ever succeeds where there is reasonable security against direct aggression; where the government possesses loyal security forces, and where economic conditions are such as not to make Communism seem an attractive alternative. The program I suggest deals with all three aspects of this matter …. And as I have indicated, it will also be necessary for us to contribute economically to strengthen those countries, or groups of countries Such measures will provide the greatest insurance against Communist inroads.
Words alone are not enough. If so, that would start a chain of circumstances which would almost surely involve the United States in military action. I am convinced that the best insurance against this dangerous contingency is to make clear now our readiness to cooperate fully and freely with our friends of the Middle East ….
The occasion has come for us … to show our deep respect for the rights and independence of every nation - We seek, not violence, but peace. Background: Monroe Doctrine, December 2, , cornerstone of U. Declaring that the Old World and New World had different systems and must remain distinct spheres, Monroe made four basic points: 1 The United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers; 2 the United States recognized and would not interfere with existing colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere; 3 the Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization; and 4 any attempt by a European power to oppress or control any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the United States.
With the movements in this hemisphere we are of necessity more immediately connected…. We owe it, therefore, …to the… relations existing between the United States and those powers in Europe to declare that … any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety.
With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not interfere. For may years Soviet and Western historians interpreted Truman's actions differently. The Marshall Plan was partly an act of generosity, partly an act of self interest - America wanted Europe to recover so Americans would have partners to trade with. In recent times more evidence has emerged from the Soviet archives.
We have a clearer picture of the misunderstandings and suspicions of the period. This extract is from a paper written by an American academic historian. If this were to happen, American security would be threatened.
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