Matisse's father was a corn merchant, his mother an amateur painter. Matisse studied law from to and then decided to go to Paris, France, to become a painter. Moreau was a liberal teacher who did not interfere with the individuality of his pupils. He encouraged his students to look at nature and to paint outdoors, as well as to frequently visit the museums. Matisse copied paintings in the Louvre and painted outdoors in Paris.
Although impressionist in character, these early works of Matisse already showed a noticeable emphasis on color and simplified forms.
Matisse married in and visited London, England, in the same year to study. Matisse created his first sculptures in From Matisse struggled financially for years. In the Salon d'Automne was founded, and Matisse exhibited there.
In he had his first one-man show at the gallery of Ambroise Vollard in Paris and spent the summer in Saint-Tropez, France. In Matisse painted with Derain at Collioure; the works Matisse created there are excellent examples of Fauvism in their bright colors and flat patterning.
Matisse's Fauve period extended from to , during which time he completed a brilliant series of masterpieces. At the Salon d'Automne these paintings, known as the Fauves, made their first public appearance. Matisse made his first trip to North Africa in His Blue Nude, or Souvenir de Biskra , is a memento of the journey.
It is far more concerned with faithful representation of the structure of the human figure, and its position in space. The painting might be compared to The Backs series , which also preoccupied Matisse the years he was working on Bathers , since both address the problem of depicting a three-dimensional figure against a flat background.
Matisse created a maquette for the mural out of cut paper, which he could rearrange as he determined the composition.
However, the finished work was too small for the space due to being given incorrect measurements. Rather than add a decorative border, Matisse decided to recompose the entire piece, resulting in a dynamic composition, in which bodies seem to leap across abstracted space of pink and blue fields. Matisse completed a series of four blue nudes in , each in his favorite pose of entwined legs and raised arm.
Matisse had been making cut-outs for eleven years, but had not yet seriously attempted to portray the human figure. In preparation for these works, Matisse filled a notebook with studies. He then created a figure that is abstracted and simplified, a symbol for the nude, before incorporating the nude into his large-scale murals.
Content compiled and written by Julia Brucker , Alexandra Duncan. Edited and published by The Art Story Contributors. The Art Story. In my opinion, they seem totally different from each other, absolutely contradictory. One, the drawing, depends on linear or sculptural plasticity, and the other, the painting, depends on colored plasticity.
It is that which best permits me to express my so-to-speak religious awe towards life. First of all, I drew the snail from nature, holding it between two fingers; drew and drew. I became aware of an unfolding. I formed in my mind a purified sign for a shell. Then I took the scissors. He must identify himself with her rhythm, by efforts that will prepare the mastery which will later enable him to express himself in his own language.
Summary of Henri Matisse Henri Matisse is widely regarded as the greatest colorist of the 20 th century and as a rival to Pablo Picasso in the importance of his innovations.
Read artistic legacy. Artwork Images. Influences on Artist. In , Matisse moved to Paris for artistic training. In , he had his first one-man exhibition at the gallery of dealer Ambroise Vollard. Matisse had a major creative breakthrough in and Painting in the style that came to be known as Fauvism, Matisse continued to emphasize the emotional power of sinuous lines, strong brushwork and acid-bright colors in works such as The Joy of Life , a large composition of female nudes in a landscape.
In the first decade of the century, Matisse also made sculptures and drawings that were sometimes related to his paintings, always repeating and simplifying his forms to their essence. After finding his own style, Matisse enjoyed a greater degree of success. He bought a large studio in a suburb of Paris and signed a contract with the prestigious art dealers of Galerie Bernheim-Jeune in Paris.
In his works of the s and s, Matisse continued to delight and surprise his viewers with his signature elements of saturated colors, flattened pictorial space, limited detail and strong outlines. In , Matisse began spending winters on the Mediterranean, and in , he moved to the city of Nice on the French Riviera. From to , he most frequently painted female nudes in carefully staged settings within his studio, making use of warm lighting and patterned backgrounds.
When Matisse began to study painting in , he mainly painted still-life and landscapes in a traditional, academic style. However, his style began to evolve in when he was exposed to the work of Van Gogh. It was shortly after that Matisse painted Woman with a Hat, The painting was a portrait of his wife Amelie, executed in bright shades of thickly brushed whites, blues and greens. Owing to these critics, Matisse quickly gave rise to a new art movement called Fauvism. Other well-known members of the movement include Georges Braque and Maurice de Vlaminck.
From , Matisse spent months in Morocco and produced around 24 orientalist paintings and drawings featuring subjects such as odalisques and the harem. He was fascinated with depicting the lush fabrics and interiors he encountered in his travels.
An example is Odalisque in Red Trousers, c. His other notable paintings such as Dance, , The Joy of Life, are currently held in world-class museums and institutions. Though he is better known as a painter and sculptor, Matisse became an avid printmaker in He was especially involved in the process of lithography, a medium which led to black and white illustrations for books and over original lithographs at the Mourlot studio.
The lithographs were often in edition of 25 to 50 and included serial imagery such as reclining nudes, interiors and portraits. The lithographs were mostly in black and white, retaining the same sense of spontanaeity and intimacy as his pencil sketches. Matisse preferred lithography for this reason. The artist eventually installed a printing press in his own studio. The first color lithograph Matisse created for Mourlot was a poster of his painting La Reve.
Towards the end of his life, Matisse also created a suite of 39 lithographs which recreated his famous paper cut-outs. Of this series,the most recognized is Nu Bleu X and XI which feature the familiar blue dancing figure from the Jazz series. During the latter part of his career, Matisse moved away from painting due to ill health. However his keen eye for design and passion for creating led him to make cut-outs as a new artistic medium. He described it as "painting with scissors" and through this technique he created designs for maquettes, book plates, stained glass window designs, tapestries, and ceramics.
His tapestries are particularly riveting, showing the artist's iconic art style in a new form.
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